According to some researchers, the Late Pleistocene megafauna extinction was followed by another wave, the Holocene extinction, during which several megafauna species died out, as well as a number of smaller animals. Here, the significant role of human activities can be clearly proven. What are these activities? First and foremost:

• hunting,
• significant growth in settlements, industrial and agricultural areas, reduction in natural habitats, whether due to crop cultivation or animal husbandry,
• environmental pollution.
  However, we can say that the rate of Holocene extinction remains (for now) below that of the end of the Pleistocene.